Madd — Elongation Rules
Madd Asli المَدّ الأَصْلِيّ
Natural elongation of two counts on a bare long vowel.
When a long vowel appears with no hamza or sukoon after it, it is held for two harakat (counts). This is the baseline length of every alif, waw, or ya of madd. Examples are everywhere: قَالَ (qaala), يَقُولُ (yaquulu), قِيلَ (qiila).
Quran examples
الرَّحْمَٰنِ
The alif (here written as a dagger over the meem) is held for 2 counts. · 1:3